Fungal diseases (mycoses) are caused by harmful micro-organisms – fungi. Fungus of the skin on the legs and other parts of the body that bears the name of the scall, and in the second place by diffusion. Despite the fact that in the world there are many different types of infections fungal micro-organisms causing athlete's foot only a few of them.
There are three fungal group, which can cause the fungus of the nail and the skin of the feet:
The infection by a fungus of the foot can happen to any direct or indirect through. In the first case, this happens through contact with infected soil, plants or in contact with a sick person or animal. In an indirect way, the infection occurs when help the patient to humans or animals through the objects of care.
Some people are more susceptible to fungal infections, as well as there are factors that increase the risk of infection by the fungus. At the risk of a fall:
Up until now, doctors distinguish the following fungal diseases:
Disease such as epidermofitia affects the skin of the feet and the nail plate. Of contracting the most possible in the public areas, such as the sauna, Turkish bath, gym. Store and transmit the pathogen athlete can towels, wipes, thermometers, sponges, carpets, sports equipment, linens for the house. This disease most exposed men over the age of 45 years. Increased sweating promotes the development of this mycosis.
Rubromikoz — called fungi-Trichophyton and transmitted through sponge diving, sponges, the shoes and stockings, which used the patient, sports equipment and other articles for the home. With age the risk of injury Trichophyton increases, children and adolescents rarely get this type of fungal infection. At risk are the athletes, visitors, public pools, miners, employees, saunas and baths, the people who work in the shops of hot production.
The fungus is of the latter type is less frequent, that the above-mentioned disease. The microorganisms belonging to the genus Candida, are present in the human body always and are not normally capable of causing infection. However, with a decline in the immune system are converted into the internet and causes the disease fungal. Organisms Candida penetrate into the human body of the food products (e.g., pork, cottage cheese, yogurt, and others), but also with the surface of the objects in question.
The infection athlete's candida depends on the following factors:
Epidermofitia and rubromikoz stop of the skin occur almost in the same way and have similar symptoms. We distinguish the following forms of these diseases:
Patients often observed a combination of different forms of fungal infections, therefore the classification as a conditional.
Scaly form of fungus has another name – scaly. Once the disease affects one foot, and with the time goes by and the second. First on the skin a slight redness, which later begins to grow and flake off. Some patients notice that it itches the feeling, however, not all of them. There are cases, when the patient is not concerned, and is not addressed to the professionals.
When disgidroticheskaya form of the fungus in the upper part of the foot appears to be a large number of bubbles with a diameter of 0.2-0.8 cm. After a while, the small bubbles merge into large, and then burst. On the spot burst of bubbles appear erosion. In a next step, the process of the formation of blisters and erosions extending over the whole surface of the foot (top, side, bottom). Burst the bubbles form a large erosion and diaper rash. The affected areas of the skin, itching and cause pain to the patient. Gradually, the erosion begins to flake.
If you do not start a timely treatment of a fungus, then it begins to bacterial contamination. In this case, the liquid bubbling in me, and with the time becomes purulent content. The patient observes a significant reddening of the skin, and the swelling, the strong painful feelings. The body temperature of the patient increases. This form of fungus is characterized by a long course. For the period of the disease were observed in temporary improvements and relapses. It is worth mentioning that this type of fungal infection that affects the foot.
Running fungal infections can pass from one form to another, for example, disgidroticheskaya flakes or vice versa.
Intertriginous epidermofitia and trichophytosis meet more frequently. This form of fungus can develop in itself or occurs on a background of fibres of the disease. Before the disease is localized between the fourth and fifth fingers on his leg. Sometimes between the third and the fourth.
The main symptom of this form of fungal infection are cracks with the whitish circle around, that is a superficial peeling of the layers of the skin. The space between the fingers is wet. The patient feels a sensation of burning and itching at the site of injury. With the passage of time in the place of defeat you experience painful erosion. In most cases, intertriginous form of mycosis is chronic, reducing the events during the cold period of the year, and sharpening them warm. Gradually, the skin becomes loose and weakened. Immune mechanisms are down, and the body becomes more susceptible streptococci. This leads to a purulent inflammation of the skin, which are accompanied by swelling, painful feelings and increase the temperature.
Defeat fungal infections of the nails and toes of the foot that bears the name of onychomycosis (see photo). Before they hit the free edge of the nail – on it appear yellow spots and stripes.
There are three types of onychomycosis:
With candidiasis affects the toe areas of the foot. There arise the leaven of erosion, and the skin swells and becomes red. The edges of the affected areas you look at the bezel of the dead cells of the epidermis. May appear as small vesicles or ulcers.
When the first signs and symptoms of athlete's foot of any kind, you should visit your doctor-dermatologist.
For the treatment has been effective, it is essential to contact a qualified technician, that will determine the type of fungus that has affected the foot. The type of pathogenic fungus depends on to treat.
The physician should prescribe a comprehensive treatment, which includes a variety of medications from fungi of the skin. The complex is expected to include the following drugs:
If the form of a fungus on the skin is not running, the doctor can prescribe external antifungals broad-spectrum. These drugs act on different etiology athlete's foot and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
If the lesion is localized between the fingers, the ointment from the fungus is applied on clean skin once a day. The treatment lasts for 7-10 days and ends when the symptoms of athlete's foot completely lost.
In the event of the defeat of the skin of the foot pre-made medical pedicure, with the aim of removing the epidermis rough. Pedicure can be done by a expert or by yourself at home. In the latter case, it is necessary to use wraps and bandages for the body with salicylic acid. For this you need to make a foot bath with baking soda and soap. With the steam of the skin is necessary to remove the layer of rough, and cut out the affected nails. It is important to recycle shavings and cut nails, and even after the use of the process tool, as well as through all of this, triggering the fungus.
Weeping athlete's foot can lubricate bright green, with a solution of boric acid, or a doctor methylene blue. When the execution of forms are used corticosteroids funds from mushrooms.
Before applying on the affected area or other instrument by fungi, it is necessary to remove the inflammatory process and remove dead cells. After the application of foams, gels, sprays or ointments to mushrooms, there is no need to wash the feet within the next 24 hours, did not wash away the protective layer created a prepared.
Therapy timely skin fungus of the feet and nails to give greater efficiency and cost for the patient is much more economic than treatment of its recurrence.
